hyperfine.implantation.electronic_stopping.calculate_A_1

hyperfine.implantation.electronic_stopping.calculate_A_1(A_2: Annotated[float, slice(0, None, None)], A_3: Annotated[float, slice(0, None, None)], A_4: Annotated[float, slice(0, None, None)], A_5: Annotated[float, slice(0, None, None)]) → float[source]

Calculate the empirical stopping coefficient \(A_{1}\) using the other four \(A_{i}\)s.

Useful when there is no data in the ‘low-energy’ region (i.e., when \(T < 10\) keV) and smooth continuity of the Varelas-Biersack expression is desired.

Parameters:

A_2 – Empirical stopping coefficient \(A_{2}\) (10^-15 eV cm² atom^-1 keV^-0.45).
A_3 – Empirical stopping coefficient \(A_{3}\) (10^-15 eV cm² atom^-1 keV).
A_4 – Empirical stopping coefficient \(A_{4}\) (keV).
A_5 – Empirical stopping coefficient \(A_{5}\) (keV^-1).

Returns:

The empirical stopping coefficient \(A_{1}\) (10^-15 eV cm² atom^-1 keV^-0.5).